I-Calcium Hypochlorite
I-Potassium hypochlorite iyinhlanganisela engaphili enefomula yamakhemikhali i-Ca(OCl)2. Iyisithako esiyinhloko esisebenzayo semikhiqizo yezentengiselwano ebizwa ngokuthi i-bleaching powder, i-chlorine powder, noma i-chlorine lime, esetshenziswa ekwelapheni amanzi kanye ne-bleaching agents. Le nhlanganisela izinzile futhi ine-chlorine ephezulu etholakalayo kune-sodium hypochlorite. Ingumzimba omhlophe oqinile, yize amasampula ezentengiselwano enombala ophuzi. Ngenxa yokubola kwayo kancane emoyeni omanzi, inephunga elinamandla legesi ye-chlorine.
I-potassium hypochlorite ivame ukusetshenziswa ekubulaleni amachibi okubhukuda omphakathi kanye nasekubulaleni amagciwane emanzini okuphuza.
Ngokuvamile, izinto ezithengiswayo zithengiswa ngobumsulwa obungu-65% kuya ku-73% futhi zikhona kwamanye amakhemikhali akhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, njenge-calcium chloride ne-calcium carbonate. Njengekhemikhali lechibi lokubhukuda, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-chlorine, inemvamisa ephansi yokuxubana namanye amakhemikhali ngoba ingasabela ngendlela eyingozi ngamakhemikhali athile avamile echibini lokubhukuda. Esixazululweni, i-calcium hypochlorite ingasetshenziswa njengesibulali-magciwane esijwayelekile, kodwa ngenxa yezinsalela ze-calcium, i-sodium hypochlorite (i-bleach) ivame ukuthandwa.
I-potassium hypochlorite iyi-oxidant evamile ngakho-ke inokusetshenziswa okuthile kumakhemikhali e-organic.
Isibonelo, le nhlanganisela isetshenziselwa ukuqhekeka i-ethylene glycol α- Ama-hydroxycarboxylic nama-keto acid asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-aldehydes aqhekekile noma ama-carboxylic acid. I-calcium hypochlorite ingasetshenziswa futhi ekuphenduleni kwe-halogenation ukukhiqiza i-chloroform. I-chlorine hypochlorite ingasetshenziswa ukuxubha ama-thiol kanye nemikhiqizo ye-sulfide ekwakhiweni kwezinto eziphilayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe iphunga lawo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayalahlwa ngokuphephile.
Ukusetshenziswa:Isibulali-magciwane, i-bleach, i-deodorizer, i-oxidant.
Lo mkhiqizo uyi-ejenti yokumhlophela ephumelelayo.
Gcina ekamelweni lokushisa izinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-200 ngaphandle kokubola. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlanzeni ukotini nelineni, imicu yamakhemikhali, i-pulp, kanye nesitashi. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ekuhlanzeni nasekubulaleni amanzi okuphuza, emanzini okubhukuda, kanye nase-anti-grosion agent ekugcineni isikhumba. Embonini yezempi, ingasetshenziswa njengesibulala-magciwane samakhemikhali (njengegesi ye-mustard) kanye nesibulala-magciwane esinomsakazo.
Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlanzeni i-pulp embonini yokwenza amaphepha kanye nasekuhlanzeni izindwangu ze-cotton, ilineni, kanye ne-silk fibre embonini yendwangu. Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukubulala amagciwane kanye nokubulala amagciwane emanzini okuphuza asezindaweni zasemadolobheni nasemaphandleni, amanzi echibini lokubhukuda, njll. Imboni yamakhemikhali isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza i-acetylene kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-chloroform nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali eziphilayo. Ingasetshenziswa njenge-agent yokulwa nokushwabana koboya, i-deodorizer, njll.
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